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A tomato-rich diet could help to protect at-risk postmenopausal women from breast cancer, according to new research suggesting the fruit can affect the level of hormones that play a role in metabolism and cancer risk, Nutra Ingredients said.

Writing in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, the new longitudinal cross-over study examined the effects of lycopene- and isoflavone-rich diets on serum adipokines - which play a vital role in regulating fat and sugar metabolism.

Led by Dr Adana Llanos from Rutgers University, the study explained that breast cancer risk rises in postmenopausal women as their body mass index climbs. As such lifestyle changes or interventions that modify the metabolism of sugar and fat may help to reduce BMI and the risk of cancer.

The study found eating a diet high in tomatoes had a positive effect on the level of hormones that play a role in regulating fat and sugar metabolism.

“The advantages of eating plenty of tomatoes and tomato-based products, even for a short period, were clearly evident in our findings,” said Llanos. “Eating fruits and vegetables, which are rich in essential nutrients, vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals such as lycopene, conveys significant benefits."

"Based on this data, we believe regular consumption of at least the daily recommended servings of fruits and vegetables would promote breast cancer prevention in an at-risk population," she commented.